Everything about Waldo Waterman totally explained
Waldo Dean Waterman (
June 16,
1894 -
December 8,
1976) was an inventor and aviation pioneer from
San Diego,
California. His most notable contributions to aviation
were the first tailless
monoplane (the precursor to the
flying wing), the first aircraft with modern
tricycle landing gear and the first successful
flying car.
Waterman built his first aircraft, a biplane
hang glider, in 1909 while still in high school. He successfully flew the
biplane hang glider on a slope near his home and by auto-tow. He then took-on a partner to help build a powered aircraft that he entered in the first
Dominguez Air Meet in January 1910. The aircraft wasn't completed in time for the meet. However, he began testing the aircraft on
North Island. It was under-powered and required an auto-tow assist to get airborne. He flew the aircraft with some success but crashed, breaking both ankles.
In 1911,
Glenn Curtiss moved his winter headquarters to North Island and Waterman attached himself to the Curtiss camp. In early 1912 the US Navy moved its three aircraft to Curtiss' testing station. By this time Waterman was a fixture at the station and was a frequent ride-along.
In 1912 Waterman entered the
University of California as a student of mechanical engineering. When
World War I broke out, and after being rejected from military service because of his broken ankles and flat feet, he became head of the Department of Theory of Flight, School of Military Aeronautics at the University of California. Later he became Chief Engineer at the U.S. Aircraft Corporation and remained to liquidate the company at the end of the war. With some assets purchased from the U.S. Aircraft Corporation Waterman moved to
Santa Monica where he established the Waterman Aircraft Manufacturing Company. However, he was forced out of business when the U.S. Army began dumping war-surplus aircraft on the civilian market for a tiny fraction of what Waterman could sell his custom aircraft for.
In 1929 Waterman built the first tailless
monoplane. With the tailless
Whatsit he also introduced modern
tricycle landing gear. Some consider the
Whatsit to be the first
flying wing. It was certainly a step in the development of the flying wing but had a truncated fuselage. It was usually, more correctly, called a tailless airplane. A development of the
Whatsit was the
high-wing Aeroplane.
Besides his "Whatsit" innovative aircraft design, in 1930 - Waterman design and built a flexible wing aircraft that was a low wing monoplane that could elevate and lower its wings during flight for shorter takeoffs, increased flight speed, and slower landing speeds according to the designer in its debut at the National Air races in Chicago. In addition to the wing design, he also placed the landing gears not under the fuselage but outwards under the wings.
At North Island, while experimenting with the Navy's flying boats, Glenn Curtiss is known to have talked about the possibility of a flying car. In 1917 He built a flying car he called the
Autoplane. The
Autoplane never flew but was exhibited at the Pan-American Aeronautic Exposition in New York City's Grand Central Palace. Waterman was certainly inspired by Curtiss and 20 years later made the first successful flying car. The
Aerobile was based on the
Aeroplane. It was a high-wing monoplane, with detachable wings and was powered by a Studebaker engine. Five
Aerobiles were built. Three
Aerobiles attempted a flight from Santa Monica to
Ohio but one had to turn back after only reaching
Arizona. The other two finished the flight.
Aerobile No. 6 (No. 5 was never completed) is on display at the
Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center (Smithsonian Air and Space museum extension in Dulles, Virginia)
In the 1960s, Waterman built and flew his last aircraft. The
Early Bird was based on the original
Curtiss Pusher. The
Chevybird was a similar monoplane powered by a
Corvair engine. In early 1970s Waterman directed the construction of a replica of his youth's biplane hang glider in conjunction with Michael Riggs of Seagull Aircraft in a building owned by Waterman in Santa Monica, California, a building leased to Seagull Aircraft and Self-Soar Association. Waterman donated $100 to Joe Faust of Self-Soar Association for the purpose of forwarding the publishing of hang glider information in
Low & Slow periodical where notes about Waldo Waterman's final aircraft construction project were noted.
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